Antananarivo

Analamanga Region, Madagascar

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Antananarivo is the capital and largest city of Madagascar. Locally, it is sometimes called "Tana." The city sits high in the central highlands of the island, at an elevation of about 1,280 meters above sea level. This location gives the city a cooler, temperate climate compared to the coastal regions.

The population of Antananarivo is now estimated at more than 4 million people. The city is a busy urban center and is home to people from many different backgrounds, including the local Malagasy, as well as Chinese, Indian, and European communities.

Antananarivo was founded in the early 17th century by King Andrianjaka. Its name means "City of the Thousand," referring to the thousand soldiers who guarded it. The city became the capital of the Merina Kingdom and later the center of French colonial administration in Madagascar.

The city is built on a series of hills, with narrow streets, stone stairways, and winding avenues. At the top stands the Royal Palace (Rova), once home to Madagascar’s kings and queens. The palace is an important symbol of Malagasy history and offers panoramic views of the city.

Antananarivo is the political, economic, and cultural heart of Madagascar. It hosts government buildings, universities, national museums, and research institutes. The University of Madagascar and several cathedrals are located here. There are lively markets such as the Analakely market and colorful craft markets, where visitors can find local products and souvenirs.

Among the city’s main attractions are:

• The Queen’s Palace (Rova)
• Tsimbazaza Zoo and Botanical Garden, featuring unique Malagasy animals and plants
• Lake Anosy, known for its pretty, tree-lined banks
• The Museum of Art and Archaeology

Antananarivo’s climate is mild, with a rainy season from November to April and dry, sunnier months from May to October. Because of its altitude, temperatures are often cool in the mornings and evenings.

The city is also the main transport hub for Madagascar, with an international airport at Ivato and train links to other cities. Many people use Antananarivo as a starting point for trips to explore Madagascar’s unique national parks and natural areas.