Fortifications of Quebec

Quebec City, Quebec, Canada

---

The Fortifications of Quebec in Quebec City, Canada, are an extensive system of defensive walls and military structures totaling about 4.6 kilometers in length, surrounding the historic Upper Town atop Cap Diamant.

Built initially by the French starting in 1690 and later expanded and reinforced by the British until 1871, these walls include ramparts, bastions, gates (such as St. Jean, Kent, Prescott, and St. Louis), Martello towers, and the Citadelle fortress. The fortifications provided critical defense for the city during colonial conflicts, including British and American sieges in the 18th century.

Quebec City is the only fortified city in North America north of Mexico to have preserved its original city walls, making it a unique example of a colonial-era defensive system. The site has been designated a National Historic Site of Canada and a UNESCO World Heritage Site, reflecting its historical importance and architectural heritage, and visitors today can walk the walls to experience panoramic views and gain insight into the city's military past.​