Zamek w Kędzierzynie-Koźlu

Kędzierzyn-Koźle, Poland, Poland

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Zamek w Kędzierzynie-Koźlu, located in the Koźle district of Kędzierzyn-Koźle, southwestern Poland, originated in the early 13th century as a brick residential-defensive tower surrounded by wooden fortifications on a hill overlooking the Oder River, established around 1222 by Duke Casimir of Opole as a castellany seat.

Expanded significantly in the early 14th century (1316-1355) under the Dukes of Koźle into a near-square brick castle (about 42 meters per side) with stone foundations, curtain walls, a moat, southern residential wing, probable eastern chapel, and a central tower repurposed as a northwestern corner element, it endured sieges, reconstructions in the late 15th century with an extensive outer bailey and enlarged courtyard, and 16th-century Renaissance updates.

Ravaged by fires, Swedish invasions in 1642, and later conflicts including Napoleonic sieges, only the vaulted cellars of the eastern wing remain today as a secured ruin undergoing conservation.