Alter Hof

Munich, Germany

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Alter Hof in Munich is a historic palace complex that served as the first permanent residence of the Wittelsbach dynasty, who ruled Bavaria from 1198 to 1918.

Built around the mid-13th century on the site of an earlier fortified structure, it was strategically placed near the edge of the medieval city walls. It gained imperial prominence when Louis IV, known as Ludwig the Bavarian, used it as his residence during his reign as Holy Roman Emperor in the early 14th century.

Later, the Wittelsbachs moved their main residence to the Munich Residenz, and Alter Hof transitioned to administrative and governmental uses. Architecturally, the complex blends Gothic and Renaissance elements, with the Burgstock wing and the distinctive Monkey Tower oriel window being notable surviving features.

The Monkey Tower's name comes from a local legend about a pet monkey that famously kidnapped the future emperor Ludwig IV as a baby but returned him unharmed. The palace was heavily damaged during World War II but underwent reconstruction and modernization, with parts of the complex now housing offices, exhibitions, and cultural sites.

Alter Hof remains a key historical and architectural landmark in Munich’s old town, connecting the past with present-day urban life.