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Hatra
Nineveh Governorate, Iraq
Hatra, in Iraq's Nineveh Governorate about 110 km southwest of Mosul, was an ancient Parthian city flourishing from the 1st to 2nd centuries AD as a vital trade and religious hub on caravan routes between empires, serving as capital of the first Arab kingdom under autonomous princes.
Encircled by massive double walls and over 160 towers in a circular military layout, it repelled Roman invasions by Trajan in 116 AD and Septimius Severus in 198 AD, blending Hellenistic, Roman, and Eastern architecture in its grand temples like the Temple of Shamash with iwans and intricate sculptures.
Destroyed in 241 AD by Sassanid king Shapur I after a legendary betrayal, the UNESCO World Heritage ruins reveal its cultural syncretism and strategic prowess amid later damages from conflict.
Location
Nineveh Governorate
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Hatra is located in Nineveh Governorate, Iraq.
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Iraq
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