Tarout Island

Persian Gulf, Saudi Arabia

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Tarout Island, located in the Persian Gulf off the coast of Saudi Arabia, is one of the oldest inhabited sites in the Arabian Peninsula with human settlement dating back to around 5000 BC. It was a central hub of the ancient Dilmun civilization and played a major role in trade between Mesopotamia and coastal regions of eastern Arabia.

The island has been home to various civilizations including the Akkadians, Assyrians, Persians, and later was colonized by the Portuguese before becoming part of the Ottoman Empire. Notable archaeological finds on the island include statues, pottery, and weapons, with the most famous being a golden statue of the goddess Ashtaroot.

The island also features a historic Portuguese fort built in the 16th century to protect against Ottoman attacks, and its strategic location made it important for controlling trade routes in the Persian Gulf. Tarout Island remains significant for its rich cultural heritage, ancient archaeological sites, and historical importance in regional trade and governance.