Karaman Fortress

Karaman, Türkiye, Turkey

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Karaman Fortress, situated on a mound in the heart of Karaman city in central Turkey, dates to the late 11th or early 12th century with Byzantine origins, later captured by Seljuks, Karamanids, and Ottomans who restored it in 1465.

The structure features three concentric ramparts, including an inner citadel with nine bastions, four circular and five rectangular, crafted from stone, now serving as a public park with city views. Much of the outer area was cleared in the mid-20th century, preserving its historical silhouette amid layered conquests.